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West Virginia Women's Occupations, 1880-1960

  

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

   Total women workers   11,508   Total women workers  21,707   Total women workers  31,161   Total women workers  54,100   Total women workers  57,439   Total women workers  82,198   Total women workers  94,689   Total women workers  132,304   Total women workers  153,061  
1   Domestic servants 7,424   Servants  9,701   Servants and waiters  10,022   Servants  13,604   Servants  9,492   Servants  15,490   Servants, private family  14,392   Salesmen and saleswomen (not elsewhere classified)  16,714   Salesmen and sales clerks (not elsewhere classified)  16,170  
2   Milliners, dressmakers, and seamstresses  1,205   Farmers, Planters, and overseers  2,718   Farmers, planters, and overseers  4,831   Teachers  4,867   Teachers  7,743   Teachers  11,701   Teachers (not elsewhere classified)  11,010   Stenographers, typists, and secretaries  9,746   Teachers, elementary schools  10,185  
3   Teachers and scientific persons  947   Teachers     1,935   Teachers and professors in colleges     2,690   Farm laborers     4,542   Dairy farmers, farmers, and stock raisers     3,653   Salesmen and saleswomen     5,042   Salesmen and saleswomen (other)     8,158   Private household workers (not elsewhere classified)     9,281   Clerical and kindred workers (not elsewhere classified)     9,661  
4   Launderers and laundresses  376   Dressmakers     1,114   Dressmakers     1,799   Farmers     4,069   Stenographers and typists     3,164   Stenographers and typists     4,891   Stenographers, typists, and secretaries     6,762   Teachers, elementary school     8,588   Secretaries     8,990  
5   Farmers and planters  341   Seamstresses     1,058   Housekeepers and stewards     1,743   Launderers and laundresses (not in laundry)     3,923   Salesmen and saleswomen     2,668   Farmers (owners and tenants)     3,865   Housekeepers, private family     5,836   Clerical and kindred workers (not elsewhere classified)     8,115   Private household workers (not elsewhere classified)     8,603  
6   Agricultural laborers  250   Launderers and laundresses  865   Launderers and laundresses     1,698   Dressmakers and seamstresses (not in factory)     3,451   Launderers and laundresses (not in laundry)     2,505   Clerks (except for clerks in stores)     2,642   Clerical and kindred workers (other)     3,860   Waiters and waitresses     6,314   Occupation not reported     8,533  
7   Employees of hotels and restaurants (not clerks)  182   Housekeepers and stewards  858   Seamstresses  799   Boarding- and lodging-house keepers     1,923   Housekeepers and stewards     1,827   Bookkeepers, cashiers and accountants     2,601   Waiters and bartenders     3,391   Bookkeepers     4,114   Waiters     6,412  
8   Laborers (not specified)  157   Agricultural laborers  479   Agricultural laborers  689   Housekeepers and stewards     1,675   Clerks in stores     1,820   Trained nurses     2,460   Trained nurses and student nurses     3,034   Cooks, except private household     3,662   Cooks, except private household     5,268  
9   Woolen-mill operatives      65   Milliners  406   Salesmen and saleswomen  668   Salesmen and saleswomen     1,644   Clerks (except for clerks in stores)     1,769   Housekeepers and stewards     2,277   Bookkeepers, accountants, cashiers and ticket agents     3,007   Nurses, professional     3,549   Bookkeepers     4,537  
10  Glass-works operatives      60   Clerks and copyists  277   Milliners  510   Stenographers and typewriters     1,443   Bookkeepers, cashiers and accountants     1,751   Launderers and laundresses (not in laundry)     2,229   Operators and kindred workers (clay, glass, and stone products)     2,560   Managers, officials, and proprietors, self-employed     3,453   Nurses, professional     4,457  
11  Musicians (professional) and teachers of music      58   Tailors and tailoresses  189   Laborers (not specified)  485   Milliners and millinery dealers  864   Dairy farm, farm, and stock farm laborers     1,676   Clerks in stores     2,100   Barbers, hairdressers, and manicurists     1,625   Occupation not reported     3,074   Teachers, secondary school     3,309  
12  Clerks in stores      56   Musicians and teachers of music  187   Boarding- and lodging-house keepers  483   Clerks in stores  810   Boarding- and lodging-house keepers     1,645   Operators (clay, glass, and stone industries)     2,094   Retail trade (except eating and drinking places)     1,619   Teachers, secondary school     2,925   Telephone operators     3,090  
13  Boarding- and lodging-house keepers      51   Boarding- and lodging-house keepers  162   Nurses and midwives  458   Semiskilled operators (clay, glass, and stone industries)  789   Dressmakers and seamstresses (not in factory)     1,584   Operators (clothing industries)     1,811   Operators and kindred workers (apparel and other fabricated textile products)     1,593   Telephone operators     2,827   Cashiers     2,869  
14  Tailors and tailoresses      32   Tobacco and cigar factory operatives  157   Clerks and copyists  380   Telephone operators  759   Semiskilled operators (clay, glass, and stone industries)     1,321   Boarding- and lodging-house keepers     1,706   Operators and kindred workers (chemicals, and petroleum and coal products)     1,578   Laundry and drycleaning operatives     2,757   Managers, officials, and proprietors, self-employed     2,863  
15  Traders and dealers in groceries      29   Nurses and midwives  154   Stenographers and typewriters  328   Bookkeepers, cashiers and accountants  707   Telephone operators     1,194   Telephone operators     1,589   Farmers (owners and tenants)     1,566   Operators and kindred workers (clay, glass, and stone products)     2,561   Baby sitters, private household     2,563  
16  Employees of government (not clerks)      28   Salesmen and saleswomen  151   Hosiery and knitting mill operatives  311   Semiskilled operators (textile industries)  672   Trained nurses     1,162   Farm laborers     1,555   Telephone operators     1,471   Managers, officials, and proprietors, salaried     1,934   Attendants, hospitals and other institutions     2,521  
17  Carpet makers      24   Potters  135   Musicians and teachers of music  271   Trained nurses  666   Semiskilled operators (textile industries)  979   Waiters     1,475   Occupation not reported     1,424   Packers and wrappers (operatives and kindred workers)     1,739   Laundry and drycleaning operatives     2,410  
18  Hotel keepers      19   Laborers (not specified)  120   Tobacco and cigar factory operatives  226   Midwives and nurses (not trained)  635   Midwives and nurses (not trained)  887   Dressmakers and seamstresses (not in factory)     1,201   Cooks, except private family     1,315   Cashiers     1,700   Sewers and stichers, manufacturing (operatives and kindred workers)     2,182  
19  Officials of government      17   Glassworkers      89   Potters  214   Musicians and teachers of music  572   Laundry operatives  601   Laundry operatives     1,158   Servants, except private family     1,315   Sewers and stickers, manufacturing (operatives and kindred workers)     1,680   Managers, officials, and proprietors, salaried     1,957  
20  Traders and dealers (not specified)      17   Merchants and dealers, not specified (retail)      71   Bookkeepers and accountants  198   Semiskilled operators (cigar and tobacco factories)  432   Semiskilled operators (clothing industries)  593   Operators (textile industries)     1,149   Boarding- and lodging-house keepers     1,229   Barbers, hairdressers, and manicurists     1,642   Checkers, examiners, and inspectors, manufacturing (operatives and kindred workers)     1,942  
21  Nurses      15   Artists and teachers of art      64   Workers, other miscellaneous industries  184   Clerks (except for clerks in stores)  419   Retail dealers  555   Midwives and nurses (not trained)     1,061   Laundry operatives and laundresses, except private family     1,139   Housekeepers     1,421   Practical nurses     1,831  
22  Midwives      15   Hotel keepers      62   Glassworkers  175   Laundry operatives  405   Waiters  543   Operatives (chemical and allied industries)  999   Operators and kindred workers (knit goods)  962   Operators and kindred workers (apparel and other fabricated textile products)     1,358   Hairdressers and cosmetologists     1,787  
23  Confectioners      12   Mill and factory operatives (not specified)      54   Tailors and tailoresses  170   Retail dealers  401   Semiskilled operators (cigar and tobacco factories)  535   Retail dealers  958   Operators and kindred workers (iron and steel, and not specified metal industries)  950   Attendants, hospitals and other institutions     1,210   Stenographers     1,776  
24  Steamboat men and women      10   Officials (government)      42   Telegraph and telephone operators  168   Waiters  397   Laborers (clay, glass, and stone industries  516   Barbers, hairdressers, and manicurists  672   Dressmakers and seamstresses (not in factory)  915   Dressmakers and seamstresses, except factory     1,191   Typists     1,657  
25  Barbers and hairdressers  8   Packers and shippers      42   Packers and shippers  132   Sewers and sewing machine operators (factory)  331   Musicians and teachers of music  464   Musicians and teachers of music  550   Managers, officials, and proprietors, eating and drinking places  753   Practical nurses     1,024   Janitors and sextons     1,423  
26  Paper mill operatives  7   Merchants and dealers in groceries (retail)      39   Printers, lithographers, and pressmen  124   Farm, dairy farm, garden, orchard, etc. foremen  261   Milliners and millinery dealers  398   Operators (metal industries except iron and steel)  462   Postmasters, and misc. government officials  687   Kitchen workers, except private household (not elsewhere classified)     1,012   Packers and wrappers not elsewhere classified (operatives and kindred workers)     1,328  
27  Toll gate and bridge keepers  7   Bookkeepers and accountants      38   Hotel keepers  114   Hotel keepers and managers  199   Semiskilled operators (other industries)  391   Operators (misc. manufacturing industries)  433   Operators and kindred workers (tobacco manufactures)  661   Chambermaids and maids, except private household  974   Housekeepers     1,312  
28  Gardeners, nurserymen, and vine-growers  6   Woolen mill operatives      34   Officials (government)      80   Laborers, building and hand trades  181   Dairy farm, farm, garden, orchard, etc. foremen  340   Laborers (clay, glass, and stone industries)  424   Farm laborers (unpaid family workers)  656   Checkers, examiners, and inspectors (operatives and kindred workers)  967   Kitchen workers, except private household     1,310  
29  Artists and teachers of art  5   Dairymen and dairywomen      33   Merchants and dealers, not specified (retail)      77   Semiskilled operatives (iron and steel industries)  172   Semiskilled operators (other metal industries)  327   Restaurant, café, and lunch room keepers  382   Practical nurses and midwives  655   Nurses, student professional  939   Operatives and kindred workers, manufacturing (stone, clay and glass products)     1,273  
30  Clerks and copyists (not otherwise described)  5   Other domestic and personal service      32   Woolen mill operatives      74   Charwomen and cleaners  165   Semiskilled operators (iron and steel industries)  292   Other professional pursuits  351   Laundresses, private family  654   Farm laborers, unpaid family workers  938   Operatives and kindred workers, nondurable goods (apparel and other fabricated textile products)     1,267  
31  Mill and factory operatives (not specified)  5   Telegraph and telephone operators      32   Merchants and dealers, groceries (retail)      66   Semiskilled operatives (other industries)  157   Coal mine operatives  275   Semiprofessional and recreational pursuits  349   Charwomen, janitors, and porters  555   Operators and kindred workers (metal industries)  929   Chambermaids and maids, except private household     1,080  
32  Traders and dealers in dry-goods, fancy goods, and notions  5   Stenographers and typewriters      30   Meat and fruit canners and preservers      61   Officials and inspectors (state and United States)  155   Semiprofessional pursuits  218   Janitors and sextons  336   Other semiprofessional workers  516   Janitors and sextons  855   Operatives and kindred workers, manufacturing (electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies)  952  
33  Harness and saddle makers  4   Other persons in manufacturing and mechanical industries      29   Artists and teachers of art      57   Laborers, other industries  150   Hotel keepers and managers  202   Operators (Cigar and tobacco factories)  291   Housekeepers, stewards, hostesses, except private family  499   Farmers (owners and tenants)  839   Dressmakers and seamstresses, except factory  910  
34  Showmen and employees of shows  4   Compositors      22   Other textile workers      50   Compositors, linotypers, and typesetters  149   Janitors and sextons  198   Charwomen and cleaners  290   Operators and kindred workers, non manufacturing  439   Postmasters  658   Office machine operators  885  
35  Basket makers  3   Box makers (paper)      21   Other textile mill operatives      44   Semiskilled operatives (other metal industries)  148   Officials and inspectors (state and United States)  175   Postmasters  287   Musicians and music teachers  434   File clerks  620   Farmers (owners and tenants)  827  
36  Hosiery and knitting-mill operatives   3   Physicians and surgeons      20   Coal miners      41   Laborers, clay, glass, and stone industries  139   Laborers, other metal industries  157   Attendants and helpers, professional services  286   Operators and kindred workers (paper, paper products, and printing)  359   Musicians and music teachers  613   Receptionists  822  
37  Photographers  3   Carpet makers      18   Agents      41   Tailors and tailoresses  139   Barbers, hairdressers, and manicurists  157   Cleaning, dyeing, and pressing shop workers  249   Operators and kindred workers (other manufacturing industries)  336   Assemblers (operatives and kindred workers)  596   Technicians: medical and dental  796  
38  Printers, lithographers, and stereotypers  3   Gardners, florists, nurserymen, and vine growers      15   Tin plate and tinware makers      40   Gardeners, florists, fruit growers, and nurserymen  134   Laborers, other industries  150   Laborers, misc. manufacturing industries  217   Social and welfare workers  330   Graders and sorters, manufacturing (operatives and kindred workers)  561   Musicians and music teachers  770  
39  Shirt, collar, and cuff makers  3   Janitor      14   Restaurant keepers      34   Restaurant, café, and lunch-room keepers      94   Gardeners, florists, fruit growers, and nurserymen  148   College presidents and professors  217   Other service workers except domestic and protective  321   Housekeepers and stewards, except private household  557   Assemblers (operatives and kindred workers)  767  
40  Janitors  2   Restaurant keepers      14   Paper and pulp mill operatives      32   Barbers, hairdressers, and manicurists      91   Laborers, cigar and tobacco factories  142    Hotel keepers and managers  212   Other professional workers  283   Operatives and kindred workers, nonmanufacturing industries, inc. not reported  557   Charwomen and cleaners  737  
41  Physicians and surgeons  2   Agents (claim, commission, real estate, insurance, etc.) and collector      13   Confectioners      31   Janitors and sextons      83   Tailors and tailoresses  142   Operatives (iron and steel, machinery, and vehicle industries)  199   Proprietors, managers, and officials not elsewhere classified (personal services)  272   Baby sitters, private household  550   Postmasters  719  
42  Employees of railroad companies (not clerks)  2   Steam railroad employees (not otherwise specified)      13   Gardeners, florists, nurserymen, etc.      29   Laborers, railroad      82   Laborers (building, general, and not specified)  136   Operatives (paper, printing, and allied industries)  188   Laborers (stone, clay, and glass products)  249   Operators and kindred workers (electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies)  507   Housekeepers and stewards, except private household  667  
43  Hucksters and peddlers  2   Paper mill operatives      13   Dairymen and dairywomen      28   Semiprofessional pursuits      79   Restaurant, café, and lunch room keepers  122   Milliners and millinery dealers  177   Operators and kindred workers (woolen and worsted manufactures)  238   Office machine operators  482   Nurses, student professional  636  
44  Packers  2   Printers, lithographers, and pressmen      13   Bookbinders      28   Semiskilled operatives (printing and publishing)      79   Attendants and helpers (professional service)  121   Laborers (metal industries except iron and steel)  169   Other specified managers and officials  238   Service workers, except private household  451   Postal clerks  608  
45  Porters and laborers in stores and warehouses  2   Bookbinders      12   Shirt, collar, and cuff makers      28   Laborers (iron and steel industries)      70   Laborers (lumber and furniture industries)  121   Laborers (iron and steel, machinery, and vehicle industries)  156   Artists and art teachers  236   Operatives and kindred workers (tobacco manufactures)  424   Hucksters and peddlers  579  
46  Salesmen and saleswomen  2   Hosiery and knitting mill operatives      10   Clergymen      26   Telegraph operators      70   Laborers (iron and steel industries)  118   Operatives (food and allied industries)  144   Operators and kindred workers (footwear industries, except rubber)  230   Operatives and kindred workers (chemicals and allied products)  390   Operatives and kindred workers (textile mill products)  507  
47  Saloon keepers and bartenders  2   Painters, glaziers, and varnishers  9   Janitors and sextons      26   Semiskilled operators (lumber and furniture industries)      65   Laborers (textile industries)  108   Operatives (lumber and furniture industries)  144   College presidents, professors, and instructors  209   Receptionists  388   Teachers (not elsewhere classified)  491  
48  Bakers  2   Saloon keepers  9   Boxmakers      25   Artists, sculptors, and teachers of art      59   Compositors, linotypers, and typesetters  103   Operatives (not specified industries and services)  142   Office machine operators  205   Operators and kindred workers (textile mill products)  382   Buyers and department heads, store  488  
49  Broom and brush makers  2   Merchants and dealers in dry goods (retail)  9   Steam railroad employees      22   Coal mine operatives      54   Agents, canvassers, and collectors      96   Operatives (leather industries)  140   Operators and kindred workers (food and kindred products)  202   Foremen (not elsewhere classified)  371   Operatives and kindred workers (metal industries)  486  
50  Employees in manufacturing establishments (not specified)  2   Iron and steel workers  8   Bakers      22   Apprentices (manufacturing and mechanical industries)      53   Semiskilled operatives (shoe factories)      90   Insurance agents, managers, and officials  140   Operators and kindred workers (lumber, furniture, and lumber products)  200   Technicians, medical and dental  364   Attendants, physician’s and dentist’s office  444  
51  Glove makers  2   Coal miners  7   Physicians and surgeons      18   Agents, canvassers, and collectors      52   Semiskilled operatives (lumber and furniture industries)      86   Elevator tenders  126   Canvassers and solicitors  195   Social and welfare workers, except group  346   Librarians  427  
52  Manufacturers  2   Professors in colleges and universities  6   Domestic and personal service (not specified)      17   Semiskilled operatives (chemical industries)      51   Telegraph operators      83   Foremen and overseers (manufacturing)  121   Foremen (not elsewhere classified)  175   Laborers, non manufacturing (inc. not reported)  340   Knitters, loopers, and toppers, textile (operatives and kindred workers)  425  
53  Dairymen and dairywomen  1   Apprentices (dressmakers)  6   Photographers      17   Garden, greenhouse, orchard, and nursery laborers      44   College presidents and professors      83   Authors, editors, and reporters  112   Mine operatives and laborers  152   Laundresses  327   Foremen (not elsewhere classified)  418  
54  Authors, lecturers, and literary persons  1   Bakers  5   Barbers and hairdressers      15   Laborers (textile industries)      44   Semiskilled operatives (printing and publishing)      82   Laborers (building, general, and not specified)  107   Proprietors, managers, and officials (misc. industries and services)  147   Librarians  321   Accountants and auditors  398  
55  Clergymen  1   Boot and shoemakers and repairers  5   Merchants and dealers, dry goods, fancy goods, and notions (retail)      15   Laborers (domestic and professional service)      42   Laborers, railroad      82   Laborers (textile industries)  105   Elevator operators  139   Farm laborers, wage workers  318   File clerks  394  
56  Restaurant keepers  1   Messengers and errand and office boys  5   Actors, professional showmen, etc      13   Foremen and overseers (manufacturing)      39   Foremen and overseers (manufacturing)      81   Telegraph operators  105   Painters, except construction and maintenance  123   Attendants, physician’s and dentist’s office  313   Social and welfare workers, except group  392  
57  Others in professional and personal services  1   Merchants and dealers in drugs and chemicals (retail)  4   Literary and scientific persons      13   Physicians and surgeons      39   Charwomen and cleaners      81   Laborers (clothing industries)  104   Authors, editors, and reporters  121   Accountants and auditors  311   Bank tellers  390  
58  Agents (not specified)  1   Apprentices (milliners)  4   Carpet factory operatives      12   Semiskilled operatives (shoe factories)      37   Semiskilled operatives (chemical and allied industries)      73   Compositors, linotypers, and lithographers      98   Farm laborers (wage workers) and farm foremen  109   College presidents, professors, and instructors (not elsewhere classified)  300   Service workers, except private household (not elsewhere classified)  375  
59  Bookkeepers and accountants in stores  1   Broom and brush makers  4   Other metal workers (not specified)      11   Semiskilled operatives (food industries)      34   Semiskilled operatives (food industries)      73   Bakers      81   Operatives and kindred workers (silk and rayon manufactures)  106   Charwomen and cleaners  290   College presidents, professors, and instructors (not elsewhere classified)  371  
60  Brokers (commercial)  1   Glove makers  4   Saloon keepers  9   Attendants and helpers (professional service)      34   Domestic and personal service, other pursuits      69   Agents, collectors, and credit men      79   Insurance agents and brokers  105   Operatives and kindred workers (paper and allied products)  278   Payroll and timekeeping clerks  345  
61  Milkmen and milkwomen  1   Metal workers (not otherwise specified)  4   Hucksters and peddlers  9   Photographers      33   Elevator tenders      65   Tailors and tailoresses      68   Laborers (iron and steel and not specified metal industries)      98   Knitters, loopers, and toppers, textile  277   Farm laborers, unpaid family workers  331  
62  Stewards and stewardesses  1   Photographers  4   Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc.  8   Semiskilled operatives (clothing industries)      32   Messenger, bundle, and office boys and girls      61   Artists, scupltors, and teachers of art      60   Bakers      96   Operatives and laborers, coal mining  273   Counter and fountain workers  312  
63  Traders and dealers in coal and wood  1   Authors and literary and scientific persons  3   Merchants and dealers, general store (retail)  8   Bakers      32   Laborers (clothing industries)      59   Officials and inspectors (city and county)      58   Other specified operatives and kindred workers      86   Artists and art teachers  269   Operatives and kindred workers (food and kindred products)  308  
64  Traders and dealers in paper and paper stock  1   Barbers and hairdressers  3   Officials of banks and companies  8   Domestic and personal service, other pursuits      30   Laborers, porters, and helpers in stores      56   Railroad laborers (includes construction laborers)      56   Other sales agents and brokers      80   Elevator operators  262   Professional, technical, and kindred workers (not elsewhere classified)  299  
65  Bleachers, dyers, and scourers  1   Watchmen, policemen, and detectives  3   Boot and shoe makers and repairers  7   Authors, editors, and reporters      27   Other professional pursuits      56   Other pursuits in trade      56   Propprietors, managers, and officials (manufacturing)      78   Counter and fountain workers  254   Stock clerks and storekeepers  292  
66  Box-factory operatives  1   Hucksters and peddlers  3   Foremen and overseers  6   Commercial travelers      25   Garden, greenhouse, orchard, and nursery laborers      53   Laborers (paper, printing, and allied industries)      53   Compositors and typesetters      73   Boarding and lodging house keepers  254   Operatives and kindred workers (non manufacturing industries, inc. not reported)  284  
67  Brewers and maltsters  1   Apprentices (not otherwise specified)  3   Other persons in trade and transportation (not specified)  6   Actors      25   Laborers (paper and pulp mills)      43   Photographers,      53   Laborers (chemicals, and petroleum and coal products)      62   Teachers (not elsewhere classified)  242   Operatives and kindred workers (chemical and allied industries)  269  
68  Cabinet makers  1   Confectioners  3   Millers  5   Other professional pursuits      23   Authors, editors, and reporters      41   Laborers, domestic and personal service      51   Laborers (other manufacturing industries)      62   Laborers (stone, clay and glass products)  232   Farm laborers, wage workers  268  
69  Clerks and bookkeepers in manufacturing establishments  1   Actors  2   Harness and saddle makers and repairers  5   Laborers, lumber and furniture industries      23   Artists, sculptors, and teachers of art      40   Laborers (chemical and allied industries)      51   Chauffeurs, truck drivers, and deliverymen      60   Operatives and kindred workers (food and kindred products)  231   Officials and administrators (not elsewhere classified), public administration  265  
70  Hair cleaners, dressers, and workers  1   Commercial travelers  2   Saw and planing mill employees  5   Dairy farm laborers      22   Photographers      36   Real estate agents and officials      50   Dancers, showmen, and athletes      58   Buyers and department heads, store  228   Demonstrators (sales workers)  257  
71  Nail makers  1   Basket makers  2   Hat and cap makers  5   Laborers, other metal industries      21   Commercial travelers      33   Commercial travelers      49   Tailors and furriers      58   Officials and administrators (not elsewhere classified), public administration  228   Elevator operators  252  
72  Sail and awning makers  1   Bleachers, dyers, and scourers  2   Officials of mining and quarrying companies  5   Other agricultural and animal husbandry pursuits      20   Oilers of machinery      32   Managers and officials (manufacturing)      47   Operatives and kindred workers (other textile mill products)      57   Postal clerks  226   Graders and sorters, manufacturing  241  
73  Tobacco-factory operatives   1   Saw and planing mill employees  2   Machinists  4   College presidents and professors      20   Insurance agents and officials      32   Painters, glaziers, varnishers, enamelers      45   Operatives and kindred workers (machinery)      57   Bank tellers  217   Artists and art teachers  235  
74       Shirt, collar, and cuff makers  2   Bottlers and soda water makers, etc  4   Messenger, bundle, and office boys      19   Physicians and surgeons      31   Messenger, errand, and office boys and girls      44   Laborers (other nonmanufacturing industries and services)      55   Payroll and timekeeping clerks  191   Operatives and kindred workers (paper and allied products)  232  
75    Tinners and tinware makers  2   Upholsters  4   Paper hangers      18   Actors and showmen      30   Laborers (cigar and tobacco factories)      42   Proprietors, managers, and officials (finance, insurance, and real estate)      54   Operatives and kindred workers (misc. manufacturing industries)  184   Decorators and window dressers  212  
76  Upholsterers  2   Dentists  4   Semiskilled operatives (paper and pulp mills)      18   Laborers (chemical and allied industries)      30   Physicians and surgeons      39   Laborers (textiles, textile products, and apparel)      54   Religious workers  179   Laborers (stone, clay and glass products)  205  
77  Apiarists  1   Journalists  4   Laborers, porters, and helpers in stores      17   Other pursuits (semiskilled)      29   Laborers (lumber and furniture industries)      38   Laborers (personal services)      53   Laborers (metal industries)  170   Laborers, non manufacturing (inc. not reported)  200  
78  Quarrymen  1   Lawyers  4   Insurance agents and officials      16   Semiskilled operatives (paper and pulp mills)      28   Bankers, brokers, and money lenders      37   Attendants, filling station, parking lot, garage, and airport      51   Technicians: other engineering and physical sciences  164   Technicians, other engineering and physical sciences  194  
79  Stock raisers, herders, and drovers  1   Messengers and errand and office boys  4   Laborers (chemical industries)      14   Bakers      26   Laborers, porters, and helpers in stores      37   Guards and watchmen      49   Stock clerks and storekeepers  164   Attendants and assistants, library  190  
80  Other agricultural pursuits  1   Decorators, drapers and window dressers  4   Billiard room, dance hall, skating rink, etc. keepers      14   Bankers, brokers, and money lenders      22   Laborers (food and allied industries)      36   Telegraph operators      48   Editors and reporters  157   Editors and reporters  187  
81  Clergymen  1   Painters, glaziers, and varnishers  4   Manufacturers and officials      13   Laborers (food industries)      21   Actors and showmen      36   Painters (construction), paper hangers, and glaziers      44   Attendants, professional and personal service (not elsewhere classified)  151   Religious workers  187  
82  Dentists  1   Paper hangers  4   Dentists      11   Manufacturers and officials      21   Clergymen      36   Physicians and surgeons      42   Dietitians and nutritionists  150   Sports instructors and officials  176  
83  Designers, draftsmen, and inventors  1   Professional service (not specified)  3   Real estate agents and officials      10   Laborers (shoe factories)      19   Paper hangers      35   Proprietors, managers, and officials (transportation)      42   Bakers  125   Boarding and lodging house keepers  170  
84  Journalists  1   Commercial travelers  3   Painters, glaziers, varnishers, enamelers, etc.      10   Managers and superintendents (manufacturing)      19   Manufacturers      23   Other craftsmen and kindred workers      41   Insurance agents and brokers  119   Personnel and labor relations workers  165  
85  Theatrical managers, showmen, etc.  1   Merchants and dealers, produce and provisions (retail)  3   Stock raisers      10   Clergymen      19   Marshals, sheriffs, detectives, etc.      22   Operatives and kindred workers (nonferrous metals and their products)      41   Farm and home management advisors  114   Laundresses  164  
86  Other professional service  1   Miners (not specified)  3   Dairy farmers      10   Apprentices, other (manufacturing and mechanical industries)      18   Decorators, drapers, and window dressers      21   Clergymen      39   Decorators and window dressers  114   Dietitians and nutritionists  158  
87  Merchants and dealers in wines and liquors (retail)  1   Butter and cheese makers  3   Bankers, brokers, and money lenders  8   Switchmen, flagmen, and yardmen      18   Mail carriers      20   Shipping and receiving clerks      35   Chemists  112   Compositors and typesetters  155  
88  Merchants and dealers (wholesale), importers, and shipping merchants  1   Lumbermen and raftsmen  2   Designers, draftsmen, and inventors  7   Real estate agents and officials      18   Proprietors, managers, and officials (transportation and communication not otherwise specified)      18   Laborers (paper, paper products, and printing)      32   Sports instructors and officials  110   Real estate agents and brokers  150  
89  Officials of banks and of insurance, trade, transportation, trust, and other companies  1   Architects, designers, draftsmen, etc.  2   Managers and superintendents (manufacturing)  6   Apprentices to dressmakers and milliners      15   Officials and inspectors (State and United States)      18   Real estate agents and brokers      31   Agents (not elsewhere classified)  110   Attendants, professional and personal service (not elsewhere classified)  147  
90  Weighers, gaugers, and measurers  1   Watchmen, policemen, firemen, etc.  2   Ticket and station agents  6   Officials and inspectors (city and county)      15   Laborers (leather industries)      17   Laborers (food and kindred products)      29   Professional, technical, and kindred workers (not elsewhere classified)  102   Bakers  145  
91  Builders and contractors  1   Bankers and brokers  2   Other occupations, transporation (semiskilled)  6   Painters, glaziers, varnishers, enamelers, etc      14   Coal mine operatives      16   Laborers (construction)      27   Compositors and typesetters  101   Protective service workers  144  
92  Carpenters and joiners  1   Merchants and dealers, boots and shoes (retail)  2   Undertakers  6   Mail carriers      13   Advertising agents      16   Proprietors, managers, and officials (wholesale trade)      27   Operatives and kindred workers (sawmills, planing mills, and misc. wood products)  101   Insurance agents, brokers, and underwriters  143  
93  Charcoal, coke and lime burners  1   Merchants and dealers, wholesale  2   Quarry operatives  5   Other occupations, transporation (semiskilled)      13   Lawyers, judges, and justices      16   Laborers (lumber, furniture, and lumber products)      24   Operatives and kindred workers (leather and leather products)  100   Operatives and kindred workers (rubber and misc. plastic products)  133  
94  Nail and tack makers  1   Carpenters and joiners  2   Engravers  5   Upholsters      12   Laundry owners, managers, and officials      15   Proprietors, managers, and officials (business and repair services)      24   Personnel and labor relations workers  100   Laborers (metal industries)  133  
95  Paper hangers  1   Quarrymen  2   Shoemakers and cobblers (not in factory)  5   Designers, draftsmen, and inventors      11   Undertakers      15   Laborers (wholesale and retail trade)      23   Welders and flame-cutters      98   Agents (not elsewhere classified)  122  
96  Rope and cordage makers  1   Iron and steel workers  2   Wholesale dealers, importers, and exporters  5   Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists      11   Ticket and station agents      14   Mail carriers      23   Painters, except construction and maintenance      97   Operatives and kindred workers (misc. manufacturing industries)  110  
97  Sewing machine operators  1   Other woodworkers  2   Other pursuits, trade (semiskilled)  5   Ticket and station agents      11   Transportation and communication, other occupations      14   Lawyers and judges      19   Telegraph operators      97   Operatives and kindred workers (leather and leather products)  106  
98  Silk mill operatives  1   Bleachery and dye works operatives  2   Clergymen  5   Draymen, teamsters, and expressmen      10   Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists      14   Operatives and kindred workers (apprentices)      17   Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers      96   Credit men  103  
99  Tool and cutlery makers (not otherwise classified)  1   Charcoal, coke, and lime burners  2   Saloon keepers  5   Poultry raisers  9   Designers, draftsmen, and inventors      14   Inspectors not classified elsewhere      17   Mechanics and repairmen      91   Operatives and kindred workers (printing, publishing, and allied industries)      99  
100  Umbrella and parasol makers  1   Glovemakers  2   Builders and building contractors  4   Oil and gas well operatives  9   Floorwalkers, foremen, and overseers      13   Policemen, sheriffs, and marshals      16   Floormen and floor managers, store      88   Dancers and dancing teachers      97  
101  Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc.  1   Manufacturers and officials, etc  2   Semiskilled operatives (harness and saddle industries)  4   Filers, grinders, buffers, and polishers (metal)  9   Farm managers and foremen      13   Pharmacists      16   Attendants, auto service and parking      86   Mechanics and repairmen      97  
102      Builders and contractors  2   Foremen and overseers, railroad  4   Dentists  8   Other public service pursuits      10   Machinists, millwrights, and tool makers      16   Truck and tractor drivers      85   Recreation and group workers      91  
103     Publishers of books, maps, and newspapers  2   Inspectors, transportation  4   Lawyers, judges, and justices  8   Switchmen, flagmen, and yardmen  8   Mechanics and repairmen and loom fixers      16   Shipping and receiving clerks      84   Attendants, auto service and parking      90  
104  Apprentices and helpers (not specified)  2   Floorwalkers, foremen, and overseers  4   Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers  8   Inspectors  7   Proprietors, managers, and officials, mining      15   Credit men      82   Weavers, textile      89  
105  Wood choppers  1   Officials and inspectors (city and county)  4   Operators, officials, and managers  7   Inspectors, gaugers, and samplers  6   Actors and actresses      14   Weavers, textile      78   Welders and flame-cutters      84  
106  Electricians  1   Laundry owners, officials, and managers  4   Decorators, drapers, and window dressers  7   Proprietors, managers, and officials (not otherwise specified)  6   Laborers (railroads inc. railroad repair shops)      14   Clergymen      76   Physicians and surgeons      83  
107  Engineers (civil, etc.) and surveyors  1   Filers, grinders, buffers, and polishers (metal)  3   Marshals, sheriffs, detectives  7   Wholesale dealers, importers, and exporters  6   Designers and draftsmen      13   Real estate agents and brokers      74   Painters, except construction and maintenance      83  
108  Bartenders  1   Mail carriers  3   Other pursuits, public service  7   Osteopaths  6   Stationary engineers, cranemen, and hoistmen      11   Photographic process workers      74   Clergymen      83  
109  Hostlers  1   Proprietors, officials, and managers, transportation (not otherwise specified)  3   Floorwalkers, foremen, and overseers  6   Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers  6   Motormen, railway, mine, factory, etc.      11   Messengers and office boys      74   Farm and home management advisors      80  
110  Livery stable keepers  1   Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths  2   Laborers (public service)  6   Newsboys  5   Other specified laborers      11   Laborers (chemical and allied products)      72   Shipping and receiving clerks      79  
111  Merchants and dealers, cigars and tobacco (retail)  1   Pattern and mold makers  2   Laborers (domestic and professional service)  5   Laborers, public service  5   Hucksters and peddlers      10   Photographers      70   Therapists and healers (not elsewhere classified)      78  
112  Merchants and dealers, clothing and men’s furnishings (retail)  1   Proprietors and managers of transfer companies  2   Electrotypers, stereotypers, and lithographers  5   Apprentices (except to building and hand trades)  5   Welders and flame-cutters      10   Tailors and tailoresses      70   Laborers (electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies)      78  
113  Merchants and dealers, drugs and medicine (retail)  1   Foremen and overseers, transportation (not otherwise specified)  2   Shoemakers and cobblers (not in factory)  4   Garage owners, managers, and officials  4   Laborers (leather and leather products)  9   Ticket, station and express agents      67   Newsboys      76  
114  Merchants and dealers, lumber (retail)  1   Public service, other pursuits  2   Chauffeurs  4   Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers  4   Osteopaths  7   Therapists and healers (not elsewhere classified)      63   Mine operatives and laborers, coal mining       75  
115  Street railway employees  1   Lawyers, judges, and justices  2   Telegraph messengers  4   Dentists  4   Farm managers  7   Technicians (not elsewhere classified)      63   Dispatchers and starters, vehicle      74  
116  Newspaper carriers and newsboys  1   Showmen  2   Undertakers  4   Other operatives in extraction of minerals  4   Electricians  7   Milliners      60   Operatives and kindred workers (tobacco manufactures)      67  
117  Masons (brick and stone)  1   Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers  1   Porters (except in stores)  4   Shoemakers and cobblers (not in factory)  4   Plumbers and gas and steam fitters  7   Mail carriers      59   Spinners, textile      65  
118  Plumbers and gas and steam fitters  1   Operators, officials, and managers  1   Foremen, overseers, and inspectors  3   Owners and managers, truck, transfer, and cab companies  3   Printing craftsmen, except compositors and typesetters  7   Bartenders      58   Natural scientists      62  
119  Brick and tile makers  1   Carpenters  1   Laborers (printing and publishing)  3   Other pursuits  3   Masons, tile setters, and stonecutters  6   Attendants, recreation and amusement      57   Technicians (not elsewhere classified      61  
120  Butchers  1   Coopers  1   Mechanics (not otherwise specified)  3   Operators, managers, and officials  3   Shoemakers and repairers (not in factory)  6   Inspectors (not elsewhere classified)      57   Ticket, station and express agents      60  
121  Blacksmiths  1   Dyers  1   Inspectors  3   Carpenters  2   Operatives and kindred workers (cotton manufactures)  6   Operatives and kindred workers (furniture and fixtures)      57   Mail carriers      59  
122  Leather curriers and tanners  1   Semiskilled operatives (liquor and beverage industries)  1   Deliverymen  3   Electrotypers, stereotypers, and lithographers  2   Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers  6   Physicians and surgeons      56   Photographic process workers      59  
123  Brewers and malsters  1   Skilled occupations (not otherwise specified)  1   Laborers in coal and lumber yards, warehouses, etc.  3   Filers, grinders, buffers, and polishers (metal)  2   Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists  5   Demonstrators (sales workers)      54   Deliverymen and routemen      58  
124  Distillers and rectifiers  1   Upholsters  1   Wholesale dealers, importers, and exporters  3   Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths  2   Proprietors, managers, and officials (construction)  5   Dancers and dancing teachers      54   Painters, construction and maintenance      56  
125  Engineers and firemen (not locomotive)  1   Chauffeurs  1   Osteopaths  3   Upholsters  2   Messengers, except express  5   Laborers (electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies)      53   Inspectors (not elsewhere classified)      50  
126  Whitewashers  1   Draymen, teamsters, and expressmen  1   Laundry owners, officials, and managers  3   Telegraph messengers  2   Carpenters  5   Attendants and assistants, library      53   Bartenders      49  
127  Piano and organ tuners  1   Garage keepers and managers  1   Poultry yard laborers  2   Laborers (not otherwise specified)  2   Operatives and kindred workers (rubber products)  5   Laborers (food and kindred products)      50   Pharmacists      49  
128      Livery-stable keepers and managers  1   Apprentices to building and hand trades  2   Policemen  2   Laborers (nonferrous metals and their products)  5   Laborers (apparel and other fabricated textile products)      49   Managers and superintendents, building      49  
129    Agents (express companies)  1   Carpenters  2   Electricians  1   Laborers (machinery)  4   Draftsmen      48   Laborers (apparel and other fabricated textile products)      47  
130  Laborers, transportation (not otherwise specified)  1   Dyers  2   Engravers  1   Dentists  4   Bookbinders      47   Photographers      45  
131  Decorators, drapers, and window dressers  1   Electricians  2   Machinists, millwrights, and toolmakers  1   Newsboys  4   Operatives and kindred workers (rubber products)      46   Tailors      44  
132  Newsboys  1   Engineers (stationary), cranemen, hoistmen, etc.  2   Millers (grain, flour, feed, etc.)  1   Power station operators  4   Pharmacists      44   Attendants, recreation and amusement      43  
133  Architects  1   Engravers  2   Draymen, teamsters, and carriage drivers  1   Civil engineers  3   Engineers, technical      43   Meat cutters, except slaughter and packing house      42  
134  Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists  1   Furnacemen, smeltermen, heaters, pourers, etc.  2   Laborers, truck, transfer, and cab companies  1   Veterinarians,  3   Operatives and kindred workers (manufacturing industries, not specified)      43   Laborers (paper and allied products)      41  
135    Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths  2   Deliverymen  1   Rollers and roll hands, metal  3   Dispatchers and starters, vehicle      42   Operatives and kindred workers (machinery, except electrical)      40  
136  Laborers, transportation (not otherwise specified)  2   Porters (except in stores)  1   Roofers and sheet metal workers  3   Operatives and kindred workers (printing, publishing, and allied industries)      42   Telegraph operators      39  
137  Proprietors, officials, and managers, transportation (not otherwise specified)  2     Operatives and kindred workers (automobiles and automobile equipment)  3   Laborers (textile mill products)      42   Operatives and kindred workers (furniture and fixtures)      38  
138  Inspectors, gaugers, and samplers  2   Fishermen and oystermen  3   Recreation and group workers      41   Operatives and kindred workers (sawmills, planing mills, and misc. wood products)      37  
139  Newsboys  2   Laborers (communication and utilities)  3   Deliverymen and routemen      40   Laborers (food and kindred products)      36  
140  Proprietors, officials, and managers (not otherwise specified)  2   Laborers (transportation, except railroads)  3   Painters, construction and maintenance      40   Laborers (textile mill products)      36  
141  Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers  2   Architects  2   Paperhangers      38   Funeral directors and embalmers      36  
142  Billiard room, dance hall, skating rink, etc. keepers  2   Other technical engineers  2   Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs      38   Opticians, and lens grinders and polishers      36  
143  Salt well and works operatives  1   Surveyors  1   Carpenters      37   Linemen and servicemen, telegraph, telephone, and power      35  
144  Builders and building contractors  1   Baggagemen, express managers, and railway mail clerks  1   Mine operatives and laborers, mining and quarrying, except fuel      37   Bus drivers      33  
145  Glass blowers  1   Cabinetmakers and pattern makers  1   Linemen and servicemen, telegraph, telephone, and power      36   Social scientists      32  
146  Laborers (helpers in building and hand trades)  1   Plasterers and cement finishers  1   Machinists      36   Filers, grinders, and polishers, metal      29  
147  Laborers (tanneries)  1   Firemen, except locomotive and fire department  1   Newsboys      35   Radio operators      28  
148  Garage keepers and managers  1   Operatives and kindred workers (leather and leather products, except footwear)  1   Bus drivers      34   Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators      28  
149  Agents (express companies)  1   Longshoremen and stevedores  1   Meat cutters, except slaughter and packing house      34   Upholsterers      28  
150  Policemen  1   Laborers (transportation equipment, except automobile)  1   Lumbermen, raftsmen, and wood choppers      33   Sawyers      28  
151  Architects  1     Managers and superintendents, building      32   Floormen and floor managers, store      27  
152  Laborers (harness and saddle industries)  1   Officials, lodge, society, union, etc      32   Bookbinders      27  
153  Livery stable keepers and managers  1   Hucksters and peddlers      31   Truck and tractor drivers      26  
154      Laborers (misc. manufacturing industries)      30   Laborers (rubber and misc. plastic products)      25  
155    Motormen, mine, factory, logging camp, etc      30   Laborers (misc. manufacturing industries)      24  
156  Ushers, recreation and amusement      30   Draftsmen      24  
157  Advertising agents and salesmen      30   Collectors, bill and accounts      24  
158  Social scientists      30   Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs      24  
159  Plumbers and pipe fitters      30   Purchasing agents and buyers (not elsewhere classified)      23  
160  Stationary engineers      29   Messengers and office boys      23  
161  Apprentices      27   Officials, lodge, society, union, etc      22  
162  Lawyers and judges      27   Public relations men and publicity writers      21  
163  Tinsmiths, coppersmiths, and sheet metal workers      26   Machinists      21  
164  Purchasing agents and buyers (not elsewhere classified)      26   Gardeners, except farm and groundskeepers      20  
165  Operatives and kindred workers (machinery, except electrical)      26   Technicians: electrical and electronic      20  
166  Laborers (paper and allied products)      26   Barbers      19  
167  Sheriffs and bailiffs      25   Laborers (tobacco manufactures)      19  
168  Laborers (sawmills, planing mills, and misc. wood products)      25   Carpenters      16  
169  Collectors, bill and accounts      25   Apprentices      16  
170  Spinners, textile      24   Fruit, nut, and vegetable graders and packers, except factory      16  
171  Electricians      23      
172  Pressmen and plate printers, printing      23   *59 occupations with 15 or fewer people   
173  Radio operators      22    
174  Veterinarians      22  
175  Laborers (tobacco manufactures)      21  
176  Funeral directors and embalmers      21  
177  Upholsterers      21  
178  Sawyers      20  
179  Designers      20  
180  Entertainers (not elsewhere classified)      19  
181  Furriers      19  
182  Operatives and kindred workers (transportation equipment)      18  
183  Farm managers      18  
184  Natural scientists (not elsewhere classified)      17  
185  Inspectors, public administration      16  
186     
187  *91 occupations with 15 or fewer people   
188     


 


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West Virginia Archives and History